Routing table updates

As illustrated by ``Direct routing example'', and ``Indirect routing example'', the successful routing of IP packets depends on the contents of the kernel routing table. Entries in the kernel routing table are created, removed, and changed:

• automatically when running the Network Configuration Manager to configure or remove a network interface. When configuring a network interface you are prompted for an IP address and netmask. This information is used to create a routing table entry with the network attached to the interface as the destination field in the routing table. Through this process, the machine always knows about the networks to which it is directly connected.

• manually through use of the route(ADMN) command. Through this command, the kernel routing table can contain entries for networks to which the machine is not directly connected.
  On small, static networks, manual maintenance of the kernel routing table with the route command is reasonable, requiring less computer overhead than using routing daemons.

• dynamically by routing daemons running on the machine. A routing daemon communicates via routing protocols with the routing daemons on other machines to learn about the existence of routes other than those to which the machine is directly connected. The routing daemon adds entries for these networks to the kernel routing table automatically. On large or changing networks, the use of routing daemons reduces administrative overhead.

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